Journal of hypertension
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Journal of hypertension · Dec 1995
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialQuantitative analysis of retinal vascular changes in essential and renovascular hypertension.
To describe a quantitative analysis method for retinal vascular changes and to study retinal vascular changes in patients with mild essential or renovascular hypertension in relation to 24-h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring. ⋯ Our quantitative retinal vascular analysis method detected an increased vascular diameter in both essential and renovascular hypertensives, which was related to night-time blood pressure and, in particular, to an attenuated nocturnal blood pressure decline. Vascular rarefaction in essential hypertension was not related to blood pressure and could influence the pathogenesis of essential hypertension.
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Journal of hypertension · Dec 1994
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Clinical TrialEffects of modulators of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system on cough. Losartan Cough Study Group.
To compare the incidence of cough in patients with a history of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor-related cough who received losartan [a type 1 angiotensin II (Ang II) receptor antagonist], lisinopril (an ACE inhibitor) or hydrochlorothiazide (a diuretic). ⋯ The incidence of cough related to the type 1 Ang II receptor antagonist losartan is significantly lower than that observed with lisinopril, and similar to that observed with hydrochlorothiazide in patients with a rechallenged ACE inhibitor cough. Type 1 Ang II receptor antagonists represent a potential new treatment for hypertensive patients in whom ACE inhibitors are indicated, but who develop a cough with these agents.
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Journal of hypertension · Nov 1994
Comparative Study Clinical Trial Controlled Clinical TrialEndogenous opioid system and atrial natriuretic factor in normotensive offspring of hypertensive parents at rest and during exercise test.
To investigate the effects of the endogenous opioid system on plasma atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) levels during sympathetic hyperactivity. ⋯ Our findings show that plasma met-enkephalin, dynorphin B, ANF and noradrenaline levels at rest and during exercise are higher in normotensive offspring than in controls. The effects of naloxone indicate that in normotensive offspring at rest the opioid system does not affect ANF release, whereas during exercise it attenuates ANF hypersecretion, possibly by reducing noradrenaline release.
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Journal of hypertension · Dec 1993
Comparative StudyContinuous, non-invasive volume-clamp blood pressure: determinants of performance.
To test a prototype hydraulic, non-invasive, continuous finger blood pressure monitor based on the volume-clamp principle for procedure-related factors likely to influence precision. ⋯ Variations in positioning of the finger within the cuff influences blood pressure measurement during volume-clamp plethysmography, reducing its precision. Finger SBP exceeds brachial auscultatory readings and has similar precision.
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Journal of hypertension · Dec 1993
Characteristics of a community-based distribution of home blood pressure in Ohasama in northern Japan.
To evaluate the distribution, reference values and day-to-day variation of blood pressure of untreated subjects measured at home. ⋯ Since the distribution of home blood pressure values was affected by age and sex, age- and sex-matched reference values for home blood pressure should be established. Home blood pressure values in elderly subjects should be evaluated carefully, since these exhibit greater day-to-day variation.