Journal of obstetrics and gynaecology : the journal of the Institute of Obstetrics and Gynaecology
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Arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) have a poorly defined natural history, more so in the pregnant population. Presentation during the pregnancy is usually as a result of haemorrhage following rupture. Whether pregnancy alters the natural tendency to rupture remains controversial, but empirical data suggest that this is the case. ⋯ In those patients in whom a lesion is deemed operable (low risk), surgery may improve the risks of poor outcome provided treatment risks are low. Factors such as AVM morphology, local expertise and support facilities (including those for endovascular therapy) are essential considerations if outcome is to improve on the natural history of the condition. Preoperative endovascular embolisation can be included when considering surgical excision.