Clinical nutrition : official journal of the European Society of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Clinical outcome and atherothrombogenic risk profile after prolonged wash-out following long-term treatment with high doses of n-3 PUFAs in patients with an acute myocardial infarction.
Sustained effects following withdrawal of n-3 PUFAs are unknown. ⋯ Clinical outcome was similar in both patient groups, and the atherothrombogenic risk improvement by n-3 PUFAs was lost after prolonged wash-out. Withdrawal did not affect homocysteine, glucose or markers of lipid peroxidation or inflammation.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Preoperative oral carbohydrate treatment attenuates endogenous glucose release 3 days after surgery.
Postoperative metabolism is characterised by insulin resistance and a negative whole-body nitrogen balance. Preoperative carbohydrate treatment reduces insulin resistance in the first day after surgery. We hypothesised that preoperative oral carbohydrate treatment attenuates insulin resistance and improves whole-body nitrogen balance 3 days after surgery. ⋯ While insulin resistance in the first day after surgery has previously been characterised by reduced glucose disposal, enhanced endogenous glucose release was the main component of postoperative insulin resistance on the third postoperative day. Preoperative carbohydrate treatment attenuated endogenous glucose release on the third postoperative day.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Is early enteral nutrition a risk factor for gastric intolerance and pneumonia?
Early enteral nutrition (EN) after injury reduces septic complications, but upper digestive intolerance (UDI) occurring immediately post-trauma is a risk factor for pneumonia. Our study aimed to determine whether early intragastric feeding may lead to gastric intolerance and subsequent pneumonia in ventilated multiply injured patients. ⋯ If properly administered, early enteral nutrition can decrease the incidence of upper intestinal intolerance and nosocomial pneumonia in patients with multiple injuries.
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Infections are an important cause of morbidity and mortality in patients in intensive care units (ICUs). Fungal infections have increased substantially over recent years and fungi have become one of the important pathogens in ICU patients. This study tests the hypothesis that the incidence of fungal infections is lower in critically ill patients under mechanical ventilation receiving enteral rather than total parenteral nutrition. ⋯ No significant decrease in the incidence of fungal infections in critically ill patients receiving SDD was observed between those receiving enteral and total parenteral nutrition.