Clinical nutrition : official journal of the European Society of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition
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Comparative Study
Comparison of tools for nutritional assessment and screening at hospital admission: a population study.
This population study aimed to test the sensitivity and specificity of nutritional risk index (NRI), malnutrition universal screening tool (MUST) and nutritional risk screening tool 2002 (NRS-2002) compared to subjective global assessment (SGA) and to evaluate the association between nutritional risk determined by these screening tools and length of hospital stay (LOS). ⋯ NRS-2002 had higher sensitivity and specificity than the MUST and NRI, compared to SGA. There was a significant association between LOS and nutritional status and risk by SGA, NRS-2002, MUST and NRI. Nutritional status and risk can be assessed by SGA, NRS-2002 and MUST in patients at hospital admission.
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Controlled Clinical Trial
Effects of polyphenolic antioxidants on exercise-induced oxidative stress.
Polyphenols are of increasing interest to consumers and food manufacturers for several reasons. Commonly referred to as antioxidants (they are the most abundant antioxidants in our diets), they may prevent various oxidative stress-related diseases, such as cancer, cardiovascular disease, inflammation and others. Physical activity is known to induce oxidative stress in individuals after intensive exercise. ⋯ However, in response to strenuous exercise, the polyphenol-supplemented test showed a smaller increase in plasma TBARS and CK than the placebo test. CO increased by 12% in response to the placebo test, whereas it decreased by 23% in the polyphenol-supplement test. This may indicate that the antioxidant supplement offered protection against exercise-induced oxidative stress.
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Many barriers make implementation of nutritional therapy difficult in hospitals. In this study we investigated whether, a targeted plan made by the staff in different departments could improve nutritional treatment within selected quality goals based on the ESPEN screening guidelines. ⋯ The introduction of a new method for implementation of nutritional therapy according to ESPEN screening guidelines seems to improve nutritional therapy in hospitals. The method included assessment of quality goals, identification of barriers and individual targeted plans for each department followed by an evaluation process. The model has to be refined further with relevant clinical endpoints.
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Food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome (FPIES) is a non-IgE-mediated allergic reaction, usually to cow's milk or soy protein. The aim is to present a series of infants with enterocolitis syndrome developed after rice ingestion. To our knowledge, the issue has only once been described in patients from Europe. ⋯ This report shows that even hypoallergenic foods such as rice may cause FPIES and should be considered in the differential diagnosis of profuse vomiting and prostration in infants introduced to some kind of rice protein.