Clinical nutrition : official journal of the European Society of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition
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Multicenter Study
Monitoring of patients on home parenteral nutrition (HPN) in Europe: a questionnaire based study on monitoring practice in 42 centres.
To gather information about how adult patients on home parenteral nutrition (HPN) are monitored after discharge from the hospital. ⋯ In Europe a specialised team at the discharging hospital monitors HPN patients and 66% of the centres had some kind of written guidelines.
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Gastric emptying is determined by food consistency, pH, osmolality, lipid and calorie content as well as the presence of different nutrients in the duodenal lumen. Control of gastric emptying is essential for ensuring optimal digestion. The present study tested the hypothesis that due to its different precipitation properties, gastric emptying of camel's milk may be quicker than that of bovine's milk with the same caloric and fat content. ⋯ Camel's milk is most probably not a useful substitute for other types of milk to shorten gastric emptying.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Metabolic effects of parenteral nutrition enriched with n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in critically ill patients.
n-3 fatty acids are expected to downregulate the inflammatory responses, and hence may decrease insulin resistance. On the other hand, n-3 fatty acid supplementation has been reported to increase glycemia in type 2 diabetes. We therefore assessed the effect of n-3 fatty acids delivered with parenteral nutrition on glucose metabolism in surgical intensive care patients. ⋯ n-3 fatty acids were well tolerated in this group of severely ill patients. They decreased total energy expenditure without adverse metabolic effects.