Clinical nutrition : official journal of the European Society of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Early nasogastric tube feeding versus nil per os in mild to moderate acute pancreatitis: a randomized controlled trial.
Nasojejunal tube feeding is a standard of care in patients with predicted severe acute pancreatitis (AP) and several recent trials suggested that nasogastric tube feeding (NGT) is as safe and efficient as nasojejunal tube feeding in these patients. The aim was to investigate whether NGT presents any benefit to patients with mild to moderate AP. ⋯ NGT commenced within 24 h of hospital admission is well tolerated in patients with mild to moderate acute pancreatitis. Further, when compared with NPO, it significantly reduces the intensity and duration of abdominal pain, need for opiates, and risk of oral food intolerance, but not overall hospital stay.
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Multicenter Study Observational Study
Malnutrition and poor food intake are associated with prolonged hospital stay, frequent readmissions, and greater in-hospital mortality: results from the Nutrition Care Day Survey 2010.
The Australasian Nutrition Care Day Survey (ANCDS) ascertained if malnutrition and poor food intake are independent risk factors for health-related outcomes in Australian and New Zealand hospital patients. ⋯ The ANCDS establishes that malnutrition and poor food intake are independently associated with in-hospital mortality in the Australian and New Zealand acute care setting.
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Currently, there are no clinical or laboratory parameters that can be used efficiently to predict the prognosis of critically ill patients, but in some situations, raw bioelectrical impedance parameters have been shown to be useful. The purpose of this study was to investigate the behavior of reactance and resistance in the severity of the critically ill pediatric patient. ⋯ Bioelectrical impedance is a useful tool for monitoring of critically ill pediatric patients. A possible role of R/H and Xc/H, especially the latter, as a predictive biomarker of evolution for septic shock and organ dysfunction still remains to be elucidated.
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Observational Study
Performance of the Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index in predicting 28-day hospital mortality in older adult patients with sepsis.
The Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI) is a screening tool for nutrition-related risk that correlates with mortality rate in hospitalized older patients and is simple, objective, and readily available to clinicians. In this study, we aimed to validate the performance of the GNRI in predicting short-term hospital mortality in older patients with sepsis. ⋯ The GNRI is a prognostic factor for short-term hospital mortality in older patients with sepsis. A GNRI below 87 can be suggested as an indicator of nutritional support need in an acute-care setting.
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To determine the vitamin A status and appropriate supplementation dosage of cystic fibrosis (CF) patients who received vitamin A supplementation based on annual serum retinol measurements. ⋯ Individualized vitamin A supplementation of 0-20,000 IU/day based on annual serum retinol measurements may prevent deficiency and high serum retinol levels, but it may lead to vitamin A intake above the tolerable upper intake level.