Clinical nutrition : official journal of the European Society of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Should the food intake of patients admitted to acute hospital services be routinely supplemented? A randomized placebo controlled trial.
Many patients admitted to acute hospital services are underweight or harbour vitamin deficiencies. ⋯ No benefit was observed for sipfeed intervention although a small benefit of less than one day is not excluded. Vitamin supplementation may have slight but economically important benefit.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Inadequate fluid intakes in dysphagic acute stroke.
To investigate the fluid intakes of patients with dysphagic acute stroke and to evaluate the effect of disability, the ward speciality and the type of fluid given on oral intake. ⋯ Fluid intakes in this patient group are insufficient to achieve requirements. Hospital staff must ensure adequate fluid intakes in patients at risk of dehydration, which should include both an adequate prescription and provision of supplementary fluids. Pre-thickened drinks improve oral fluid intake in patients with dysphagic acute stroke on non-specialist wards.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Soluble fiber reduces the incidence of diarrhea in septic patients receiving total enteral nutrition: a prospective, double-blind, randomized, and controlled trial.
Attempts to control enteral nutrition associated diarrhea in the critically ill tube-fed patient by implementing feeding formulas enriched with fiber were mostly unsuccessful. Recently, it was shown that enteral feeding containing soluble partially hydrolyzed guar decreased the incidence of diarrhea in a cohort of non-critically ill medicosurgical patients. We investigated whether this type of enteral feed could also influence stool production in patients with severe sepsis, a population at risk for developing diarrhea. ⋯ Total enteral nutrition supplemented with soluble fiber is beneficial in reducing the incidence of diarrhea in tube-fed full-resuscitated and mechanically ventilated septic patients.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Long-chain versus medium-chain lipids in acute pancreatitis complicated by acute respiratory distress syndrome: effects on pulmonary hemodynamics and gas exchange.
In order to assess the effects of fat emulsions in patients with acute pancreatitis and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) before the pancreatic injury was complicated by infection, pulmonary hemodynamics and gas exchange were investigated during the administration of long-(LCTs) or medium-chain triacylglycerols (MCTs). ⋯ LCT/MCT 1:1 mixtures are recommended in cases of acute pancreatitis and ARDS, even though infusion over a short period increases the metabolic demand.
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Comparative Study
Survey on legislation and funding of home artificial nutrition in different European countries.
Home Artificial Nutrition (HAN) has been an expanding area over the last 30 years. HAN programs have been often developed prior to the regulation by the National Health Systems (NHS) leading to different policies within European countries. The aim of this study was to compare legislation regarding HAN in Europe. ⋯ HPN regulation preceded HEN regulation by 10-20 years. Due to this longer experience and high level of care, HPN patients are usually followed by NST. Despite different policies, funding is relatively uniform, NHS supporting most of the expenses for HAN. ESPEN could play a key role developing common standards for HAN all over Europe.