Retina
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Orbital emphysema is radiologically apparent in 50% of cases of orbital fractures, but it is generally a benign, self-limited condition. However, visual loss may occur if a fracture produces orbital compression via a ball-valve effect, allowing air to enter but not leave the orbit. A case of compressive orbital emphysema complicated by ischemic optic neuropathy is reported. Intraorbital needle aspiration relieved the compression with improvement of visual acuity and normalization of intraocular pressure.
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Giant retinal tears may arise spontaneously, but approximately 25% occur in association with ocular trauma. The clinical findings and results of surgical management in 38 cases of traumatic giant retinal tear seen at Moorfields Eye Hospital in London during a 10-year period are presented. Patients were young (mean age = 29 years) and mostly men (n = 36; 95%). ⋯ Raised intraocular pressure was an associated problem that required treatment in 12 (32%) eyes. Visual acuity at final follow-up examination ranged from 6/6 to no perception of light (NPL; mean = 6/36). These results compare favorably with published figures for the treatment of spontaneous giant retinal tears.