Alcohol and alcoholism : international journal of the Medical Council on Alcoholism
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Comparative Study
Screening for hazardous or harmful drinking using one or two quantity-frequency questions.
To address the accuracy of quantity-frequency (QF) questions in screening for hazardous or harmful drinking. ⋯ In clinical settings, one way to put these findings into practice is to screen first with a single question, such as the SASQ, a single question about typical quantity, or a question about the frequency of heavy drinking such as the third item of the alcohol use disorders test (AUDIT).
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Comparative Study
The effect of ethanol and alcoholic beverages on gastric emptying of solid meals in humans.
The systematic study of the effect of pure ethanol, alcoholic beverages, and their non-alcoholic components on gastric emptying of solid meals in humans. ⋯ (i) Ethanol in low concentrations of 4 and 10% (v/v) prolongs gastric emptying of solid meals; this inhibitory effect is not dose-dependent. (ii) Alcoholic beverages (beer and red wine) also result in a prolongation of gastric emptying. The inhibitory effect of red wine, but not of beer, is more pronounced than that of the corresponding ethanol concentration and amount. (iii) The inhibitory effect of ethanol and alcoholic beverages is mainly induced by a prolongation of the gastric emptying phase (without affecting the lag phase), whereas 5.5 and 11.4% (w/v) glucose prolong the lag phase in a dose-dependent manner. (iv) The inhibitory effect of ethanol, beer, and red wine on gastric emptying does not depend on the caloric content of the meal.