Psychopathology
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Several features contribute to determining suicide risk. This study was designed with the aim of evaluating whether insight into illness and demoralization are involved in suicide risk (active suicidal ideation or behavior). ⋯ The results indicated that greater illness insight is involved in suicide risk regardless of demoralization.
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To evaluate the association between depressive symptoms and occupational stress, and the possibility of psychological capital (PsyCap) in alleviating depressive symptoms and occupational stress, we investigated the mediating role of PsyCap on the association between depressive symptoms and occupational stress among employed persons with benign breast disease (BBD) diagnosed by using ultrasonography. ⋯ Besides the medical intervention, the management of depressive symptoms and decrease in occupational stress should be considered to alleviate the depressive symptoms associated with employed persons with BBD. PsyCap is an active resource for relieving depressive symptoms and reducing occupational stress in persons with BBD.
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According to the concept of "male depression," depression among men might be underdiagnosed and undertreated because of gender differences in symptoms and coping. There is evidence that men experience atypical depressive symptoms including irritability, aggression, substance abuse, and increased risk behavior. To date, a substantial number of qualitative studies on men's views on depression has been conducted in the last few decades. ⋯ Traditional masculinity values might serve as barriers but also as facilitators to adaptive coping strategies in depressed men. More research is needed to study the dimensions and role of alternative masculinities in the context of depression.
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Comparative Study
First-Rank Symptoms in Methamphetamine Psychosis and Schizophrenia.
Methamphetamine psychosis (MAP) symptomatology has been described as indistinguishable from that of schizophrenia (SZ), yet research comparing these two disorders on specific psychotic symptoms such as schneiderian first-rank symptoms (FRS) is lacking. We aimed to determine and compare the occurrence and associations of FRS in patients diagnosed with MAP and with SZ. ⋯ We found that first-rank auditory hallucinations were more prevalent in MAP, whereas first-rank delusions of thought broadcasting were more prevalent in SZ. However, there was a substantial overlap in MAP and SZ for most FRS. This is consistent with the finding that FRS may have limited diagnostic specificity and that there is significant overlap in the symptoms of MAP and SZ. Future research into the neurobiology of delusions and hallucinations needs to take FRS into account.
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Patients with panic disorder have higher rates of suicide than the general population. Among panic disorder subjects, early onset, female gender, alcohol abuse, and mood disorder increase the risk of suicidality. However, less is known about the unique relationships between discrete DSM-IV panic symptoms and higher suicidality. Therefore, in the current study we examined the panic symptom profile that is associated with higher suicidality in a sample of outpatients with panic disorder. ⋯ Some panic symptoms (e.g. palpitations and fear of losing control or going crazy) are associated with a risk of suicidality among patients with panic disorder. A priori identification of high-risk suicidal subjects could lead to effective treatment strategies for panic disorder.