Resuscitation
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The endotracheal route for drug administration provides a rapid means of accessing the systemic circulation when intravenous routes cannot be established in emergent situations. This route is relatively free of significant complications and has been documented as being successful numerous times in various clinical settings. Currently, the following drugs have been studied by this route: epinephrine, atropine, lidocaine, naloxone, bretylium, and diazepam. The paper reviews the current state of the art of endotracheal drug administration.
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Case Reports
Continuous conjunctival and transcutaneous oxygen tension monitoring during resuscitation in a patient.
Conjunctival (PcjO2) and transcutaneous (PtcO2) oxygen tensions were serially measured in a patient with multiple stab wounds. Even though blood pressure was normal, severe hypovolemia due to hemorrhage was detected in the emergency department by abnormally low PcjO2/PaO2 and PtcO2/PaO2 ratios. ⋯ The conjunctival sensor stabilized more rapidly than the transcutaneous sensor and is of greater utility in the emergency setting. It was found that conjunctival and transcutaneous oxygen sensors can play an important role in monitoring clinical state and resuscitation of trauma patients.