Resuscitation
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Review Case Reports
Posterior tracheal wall laceration after blunt neck trauma in children: a case report and review of the literature.
Adults seem to be more vulnerable than children to tracheal lacerations. Tracheal lacerations have been described particularly after surgical procedures and penetrating trauma, but they may also result from minor blunt trauma. We report the case of a 7-year-old boy who sustained a posterior tracheal wall laceration after a direct frontal fall on a wooden strut. We also review the literature on posterior wall tracheal laceration as an isolated feature after blunt cervical trauma in children, the diagnostic features and management options.
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Comparative Study
Effects of hypertonic versus isotonic infusion therapy on regional cerebral blood flow after experimental cardiac arrest cardiopulmonary resuscitation in pigs.
To evaluate the effects of hypertonic, isooncotic, and isotonic infusion therapy on cerebral blood flow (CBF) during and after cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) from experimental cardiac arrest (CA). ⋯ Hypertonic solutions (HS/HHS) applied during internal cardiac massage enhanced CBF during CPR and after ROSC.
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The use of automated external defibrillators (AEDs) by lay rescuers can reduce the time to defibrillation, improving survival after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. However, some people have hearing defects that can prevent them from understanding the AED verbal prompts. Moreover, even rescuers with normal hearing function may not easily understand the AED verbal prompts when operating in a noisy environment. This study was designed to assess the capability of rescuers to defibrillate effectively using an AED which included visual prompts. ⋯ This study demonstrates that untrained deaf rescuers can use AEDs appropriately providing that the defibrillator has visual instructions. Training improves defibrillator use and reduces time to defibrillation.
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The EMS (Emergency Medical Service) system in France is a centrally based, two-tiered, physician-manned system. The first level is composed of BLS (Basic Life Support) fire department ambulances (called "VSAB") based at fire stations. The second level is composed of ALS (Advanced Life Support) physician staffed-ambulances. ⋯ In France medical schools are part of free public universities. The length of medical training varies from 8 to 11 years according to speciality. Emergency Medicine is not recognised as a stand alone specialty.