Resuscitation
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Comparative Study
A Retrospective Comparison of Survivors and Non-Survivors of Massive Pulmonary Embolism Receiving Veno-arterial Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Support.
While the optimal care of patients with massive pulmonary embolism (PE) is unclear, the general goal of therapy is to rapidly correct the physiologic derangements propagated by obstructive clot. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) in this setting is promising, however the paucity of data limits its routine use. Our institution expanded the role of ECMO as an advanced therapy option in the initial management of massive PE. The purpose of this project was to evaluate ECMO-treated patients with massive PE at an academic medical center and report shortterm mortality outcomes. ⋯ The practical approach of utilizing ECMO for massive PE is to reserve it for those who would receive the greatest benefit. Patients with poor perfusion, for example from cardiac arrest, may gain less benefit from ECMO. Our findings indicate that a serum lactate >6mmol/L may be an indicator of worse prognosis. Finally, in our patient population, catheter-directed thrombolytics was effectively combined with ECMO.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Hemodynamic effects of IV sodium nitrite in hospitalized comatose survivors of out of hospital cardiac arrest.
Patients resuscitated from cardiac arrest have brain and cardiac injury. Recent animal studies suggest that the administration of sodium nitrite after resuscitation from 12min of asystole limits acute cardiac dysfunction and improves survival and neurologic outcomes. It has been hypothesized that low doses of IV sodium nitrite given during resuscitation of out of hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) will improve survival. Low doses of sodium nitrite (e.g., 9.6mg of sodium nitrite) are safe in healthy individuals, however the effect of nitrite on blood pressure in resuscitated cardiac arrest patients is unknown. ⋯ Low dose sodium nitrite does not cause significant hemodynamic effect in patients with OHCA, which suggests that nitrite can be delivered safely in this critically ill patient population. Higher doses of sodium nitrite are necessary in order to achieve target serum level of 10μM.
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Multicenter Study
An automatic system for the comprehensive retrospective analysis of cardiac rhythms in resuscitation episodes.
An automatic resuscitation rhythm annotator (ARA) would facilitate and enhance retrospective analysis of resuscitation data, contributing to a better understanding of the interplay between therapy and patient response. The objective of this study was to define, implement, and demonstrate an ARA architecture for complete resuscitation episodes, including chest compression pauses (CC-pauses) and chest compression intervals (CC-intervals). ⋯ A general ARA architecture was defined and demonstrated on a comprehensive OHCA dataset. Results showed that semi-automatic resuscitation rhythm annotation, which may involve further revision/correction by clinicians for quality assurance, is feasible. The performance (UMS) dropped significantly during CC-intervals and sensitivity was lowest for PEA.
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Observational Study
Conventional Versus Chest-Compression-Only Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation by Bystanders for Children with Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest.
It is unclear whether chest-compression-only cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CC-CPR) is therapeutically equivalent to conventional CPR for children with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). We aimed to determine the association of CC-CPR and conventional CPR with outcomes in discrete child patient populations with OHCA. ⋯ In the majority of the paediatric subgroups, conventional CPR was associated with improved outcomes compared to CC-CPR. CC-CPR was associated with 30-day neurologically intact survival similar to conventional CPR for children with OHCA aged ≥8 years, for children aged 1-17 years with cardiac aetiology or initial shockable rhythm, and for infants with cardiac aetiology or witnessed arrest.