Resuscitation
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Standardized reporting of data is crucial for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) research. While the implementation of first responder systems dispatching volunteers to OHCA is encouraged, there is currently no uniform reporting standard for describing these systems. A steering committee established a literature search to identify experts in smartphone alerting systems. ⋯ The resulting reporting standard consists of 68 core items and 21 supplementary items grouped into five topics (first responder system, first responder network, technology/algorithm/strategies, reporting data, and automated external defibrillators (AED)). This proposed reporting standard generated by an expert opinion group fills the gap in describing first responder systems. Its adoption in future research will facilitate comparison of systems and research outcomes, enhancing the transfer of scientific findings to clinical practice.
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We used a wearable carotid Doppler patch to study carotid blood flow patterns in a porcine model of cardiac arrest to identify return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) and hemodynamics associated with different arrhythmias and the quality of compressions. ⋯ Carotid blood flow monitoring could provide valuable information about different arrhythmias as well as the quality of CPR. Carotid flow monitoring allows for timely and effective identification of ROSC. In addition, it may provide valuable hemodynamic information after ROSC.
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The optimal time for epinephrine administration and its effects on cerebral blood flow (CBF) and microcirculation remain controversial. This study aimed to assess the effect of the first administration of epinephrine on cerebral perfusion pressure (CePP) and cortical CBF in porcine cardiac arrest model. ⋯ Early administration of epinephrine was associated with improved CePP and cortical CBF compared to intermediate or late administration during the early period of CPR.
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Multiple jurisdictions reported a significant increase in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) incidence over the past decade, however the reasons for this remain unclear. We investigated how drug-associated OHCA (DA-OHCA) contributed to overall OHCA incidence, and whether the likelihood of treatment by emergency medical services (EMS) was associated with DA-OHCA classification. ⋯ Although EMS-treated DA-OHCA incidence increased by nearly three-fold, it comprised a minority of the overall OHCA increase during the study period. DA-OHCA was associated with an increased likelihood of EMS treatment.