The British journal of oral & maxillofacial surgery
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Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg · Oct 2007
Review Historical ArticleInjuries in combat from 1982-2005 with particular reference to those to the head and neck: A review.
The aim of this review was to examine the range of combat injuries with particular reference to those of the head and neck. We evaluated 10 retrospective studies selected from the period 1982-2005 that covered war injuries from Vietnam, Lebanon, Slovenia, Croatia, Iraq, Somalia, and Afghanistan. We found differences in the causes of injuries. ⋯ However, the mortality of wounded soldiers in all conflicts was consistently between 10% and 14%. There was a high incidence of injuries to the head and neck (up to 40%) though they affected only 12% of the body surface area. Though the data from the different military conflicts are not totally comparable, there are trends in the type of injuries and mortality, which may lead to changes in existing systems of medical care.
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Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg · Oct 2007
Case ReportsBotulinum toxin A for treating muscular contractures in cephalic tetanus.
This study reports the use of botulinum toxin for treatment of muscle contractures in a patient with cephalic tetanus. ⋯ Local infiltration with botulinum toxin A appears to be an effective treatment for persistent muscle contracture in cephalic tetanus.