Upsala journal of medical sciences
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Dexmedetomidine reduces the incidence of fentanyl-induced cough: a double-blind, randomized, and placebo-controlled study.
The incidence of fentanyl-induced cough (FIC) during induction of general anesthesia varies around 40% and is undesirable. It increases intracranial, intraocular, and intra-abdominal pressures. This prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study evaluated the effect of dexmedetomidine (DEX) pretreatment on the incidence and severity of FIC. ⋯ . Intravenous DEX (0.5 μg/kg or 1 μg/kg) immediately before the administration of intravenous fentanyl (4.0 μg/kg) significantly reduced the incidence of FIC.
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To evaluate the diagnostic possibilities of lung ultrasonography (LUS) in detecting pulmonary complications in preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). ⋯ LUS enables the detection of pulmonary complications in preterm infants with RDS and has the potential to reduce the number of CXRs. The specific guidelines for its use should be provided in a more extensive study.
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Hyaluronan (HA) is a component of the extracellular matrix in lung tissue and is normally present at low concentrations in blood. HA is rapidly cleared from blood by the liver. Increased concentrations of plasma HA have been found in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). We investigated changes in HA levels in plasma, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), and lung, and their relationship to pretreatment with a leukocyte elastase inhibitor in a rat model of ARDS. ⋯ The decrease in lung HA may be involved in the development of pulmonary edema in this ARDS model, and leukocyte elastase may be one cause of this decrease. In addition, an elevated plasma HA level may be an indicator of lung injury.