Patient education and counseling
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Researchers and clinicians acknowledge the complexity of planning for future medical treatment desired in the event of incapacitation. Unfortunately, many attempts to evaluate the quality of such difficult planning have been stymied by the lack of measures that can be shown to have validity. This study examines the psychometric characteristics of the Decisional Conflict Scale (DCS) when used as a measure of patients' evaluation of their end-of-life decision-making process. ⋯ The findings of the study can be useful for measuring decisional conflict in individuals with serious illness facing end-of-life decision making.
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During pregnancy, the uptake of smoking cessation courses is very low. We assessed perceived barriers to and benefits of attending a cessation course during pregnancy. ⋯ Smoking cessation services need to address the perceived barriers to attending stop smoking courses during pregnancy, to publicise the benefits of these courses and to target women who feel that they cannot quit without this type of support.