Patient education and counseling
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"Teachable moments" have been proposed as events or circumstances which can lead individuals to positive behavior change. However, the essential elements of teachable moments have not been elucidated. Therefore, we undertook a comprehensive review of the literature to uncover common definitions and key elements of this phenomenon. ⋯ Clinician-patient interaction may be central to the creation of teachable moments for health behavior change.
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To examine how type and severity of patients' negative emotions influence oncologists' responses and subsequent conversations. ⋯ Oncologists may benefit from additional training to recognize negative emotions, even when displayed without intensity. Teaching cancer patients to better articulate their emotional concerns may also enhance patient-oncologist communication.
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This study examines risk recall and evolution of patients' anxiety after transmission of life-threatening risk information in an informed consent procedure for experimental HSCT. ⋯ This study highlights the necessity to develop strategies allowing tailoring of risk transmission to every patient's needs.
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Reflective writing is an established method for teaching medical students empathetic interactions, though little is known about students' reflections on connecting with patients during the clinical clerkship. The purpose of this study was to describe factors that medical students perceive contribute to or detract from making connections with patients and families, as identified in a writing assignment during the pediatric clinical clerkship. ⋯ Recognizing what factors medical students perceive as enhancing and detracting from connecting with patients/families will help preceptors foster those connections and mitigate barriers. Future study could assess how to best provide specific individualized feedback to best enhance critical reflection. We recommend the inclusion of brief reflective writing exercises during clinical clerkships in medical school, as it may augment students' ability to connect.
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Communication skills, including patient-centered interviewing (PCI), have become a major priority for educational and licensing organizations in the United States. While patient-centered interviewing is associated with positive patient outcomes and improved diagnostic accuracy, it is unknown if an association exists between patient-centered interviewing and student performance in high-stakes clinical skills assessment (CSA) examinations. The purpose of this study was to determine if generic communication skills and patient-centered interviewing skills were associated with students' overall student performance on a multi-station clinical skills assessment (CSA) examination. ⋯ Given the increasing importance of patient-centered communication, the high-stakes in-house clinical skills examinations may consider assessing patient-centered interviewing using a more comprehensive and valid checklist.