Clinics in dermatology
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Clinics in dermatology · Mar 2015
ReviewPhotosensitive disorders of the skin with ocular involvement.
Patients with photosensitive disorders of the skin may present with ocular manifestations that are evident at birth or may be manifested later with progression of the disorder. Dermatologists should be able to recognize these and appropriately refer patients for further management. ⋯ Photodermatoses in these groups with ocular involvement will be discussed. In addition, skin diseases associated with photophobia are also described.
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Clinics in dermatology · Mar 2015
ReviewRegional anesthesia of the eye, orbit, and periocular skin.
Advances in ophthalmic surgery, together with achieving greater patient safety, have changed the requirements of regional anaesthesia of the eye, orbit, and periocular skin. Patient comfort, safety, and low complication rates are essentials of regional anesthesia, which includes invasive procedures that generate intraoperative and postoperative analgesia, as well as akinesia. ⋯ Local anesthesia is the reversible loss of sensation in certain area of the body to minimize pain and obtain patient comfort. It can be achieved through topical application or injection of anesthetic agents that block the nerve impulses to that tissue.