European journal of anaesthesiology
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
A comparison of the effects of ranitidine and omeprazole on volume and pH of gastric contents in elective surgical patients.
In cases of aspiration of gastric contents the risk of pneumonitis is dependent on the pH and volume of the gastric contents. Omeprazole and rantidine each decrease gastric volume and increase gastric pH. We evaluated the efficacy of preoperative administration of omeprazole (60 mg) or ranitidine (150 mg) in the prophylaxis of aspiration pneumonitis. ⋯ Preoperative oral administration of omeprazole (60 mg) or ranitidine (150 mg) reduced residual gastric content volume and increased pH > 2.5, possibly reducing the effects of pulmonary aspiration of gastric contents.
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Comment Letter Historical Article
Historical data on the neuraxial administration of opioids.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Conventional stepwise vs. vital capacity rapid inhalation induction at two concentrations of sevoflurane.
A multicentre study was conducted to compare three methods of inhalation induction with sevoflurane in adult premedicated patients. ⋯ Inhalation induction of anaesthesia with sevoflurane with the three techniques tested is safe, reliable and well accepted by the patients. The vital capacity rapid inhalation group primed with sevoflurane 8% was the fastest method with no relevant side-effects.
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Comparative Study
Postoperative changes in the full-field electroretinogram following sevoflurane anaesthesia.
We tested the hypothesis that disturbances of the visual pathway persist following general anaesthesia, even after normal clinical discharge criteria have been met. ⋯ Postoperative electroretinogram abnormalities are consistently present in patients who have undergone N2O/sevoflurane anaesthesia. These abnormalities persist beyond the time at which standard clinical discharge criteria have been met.
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The kneeling prone position is often used for low back surgery in order to decrease intraoperative bleeding and increase the surgical exposure of the vertebral canal. The aim of this study was to assess effects of the kneeling prone position on respiratory gas exchange focusing on oxygen consumption and early changes in oxygenation. ⋯ The present study demonstrates that the kneeling prone position improves oxygenation and that the mechanisms involved are fast in onset. Furthermore, the prone position does not change oxygen consumption although alveolar ventilation is significantly reduced. The changes in alveolar ventilation could possibly be the result of circulatory changes caused by the prone position, but further studies are needed to clarify that hypothesis.