European journal of anaesthesiology
-
Randomized Controlled Trial
A pharmacodynamic evaluation of dexmedetomidine as an additive drug to ropivacaine for peripheral nerve blockade: A randomised, triple-blind, controlled study in volunteers.
Previous data have indicated the efficacy of dexmedetomidine as an additive to peripheral regional anaesthesia. There are no pharmacodynamic data regarding the addition of dexmedetomidine to local anaesthetics for perineural administration. ⋯ Dexmedetomidine mixed with ropivacaine produces a dose-dependent prolongation of sensory block and clinically relevant dose-dependent sedation. Dexmedetomidine 100 μg may represent a balance between efficacy and sedation.
-
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Clonidine versus sufentanil as an adjuvant to ropivacaine in patient-controlled epidural labour analgesia: A randomised double-blind trial.
Adjuvants to local anaesthetics for epidural labour analgesia are useful if they reduce side-effects or personnel requirements. Epidural clonidine improves analgesia and provides a significant local anaesthetic-sparing effect. ⋯ Compared with sufentanil 0.25 μg ml⁻¹, addition of clonidine (1.5 to 3 μg ml⁻¹) to patient-controlled epidural analgesia with ropivacaine 0.1% provided similar labour analgesia and a similar need for anaesthesiologist-administered rescue doses. Clonidine 3 μg ml⁻¹ did not offer any advantage over clonidine 1.5 μg ml⁻¹. The instrumentation rate was higher in both the clonidine groups.
-
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Comparison of efficacy and safety of lateral-to-medial continuous transversus abdominis plane block with thoracic epidural analgesia in patients undergoing abdominal surgery: A randomised, open-label feasibility study.
We recently described a lateral-to-medial approach for transversus abdominis plane (LM-TAP) block, which may permit preoperative initiation of the block. ⋯ not registered because registration was not mandatory at the time of starting the trial.
-
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Ropivacaine 0.375 vs. 0.75% with prilocaine for intermediate cervical plexus block for carotid endarterectomy: A randomised trial.
Carotid endarterectomy is widely performed under regional anaesthesia. Ultrasound guidance is increasingly used in many regional anaesthetic procedures to improve safety and efficacy, and because it can reduce the amount of local anaesthetic required. Despite this, an ideal approach and dosing regimen for cervical plexus block remain elusive. ⋯ An ultrasound-guided intermediate block provides adequate anaesthesia for carotid thrombendarterectomy with a little need for supplementary local anaesthetic. Use of 0.375% ropivacaine provided similarly effective analgesia as 0.75%, but resulted in significantly lower plasma concentrations.