European journal of anaesthesiology
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Comparative Study
Changes in respiratory physiological dead space and compliance during non-abdominal, upper abdominal and lower abdominal surgery under general anaesthesia.
To evaluate the temporal changes in respiratory physiological dead space and dynamic compliance of the respiratory system during non-abdominal, upper abdominal and lower abdominal surgery under general anaesthesia with intermittent positive pressure ventilation. ⋯ We found that the VD/VT increased in patients undergoing lower abdominal surgery in lithotomy and head down tilt, and compliance decreased in those undergoing upper abdominal and lower abdominal surgery over time.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Clonidine added to bupivacaine enhances and prolongs analgesia after brachial plexus block via a local mechanism in healthy volunteers.
The addition of clonidine to local anaesthetics enhances pain relief after peripheral nerve block, but the site of action is unproven. ⋯ The admixture of clonidine to bupivacaine plus epinephrine prolongs and enhances brachial plexus blockade. Lower clonidine plasma concentrations for block treatment strongly suggest a local effect.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
The effects of sevoflurane and desflurane on lipid peroxidation during laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
To compare the effects of sevoflurane and desflurane anaesthesia on lipid peroxidation. ⋯ Desflurane may cause more systemic and regional lipid peroxidation than sevoflurane during laparoscopic cholecystectomy in healthy human beings.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Comparison of EMLA and lidocaine iontophoresis for cannulation analgesia.
Eutectic mixture of local anaesthetic cream and lidocaine iontophoresis are effective in providing analgesia for peripheral venous cannulation with small gauge cannulae in adults and children. The objective of this study was to compare the analgesic efficacy of the two techniques directly in patients using larger cannulae. ⋯ Although lidocaine iontophoresis is effective more quickly than the eutectic mixture of local anaesthetic cream, the superior quality of analgesia produced by the eutectic mixture in this study should be borne in mind if these treatments are used electively.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Effects of S(+) ketamine added to bupivacaine for spinal anaesthesia for prostate surgery in elderly patients.
Intrathecal ketamine as the sole anaesthetic agent has demonstrated a lack of cardiovascular depression that should be of advantage in an elderly population. S(+) ketamine has three-times the analgesic potency of R(-) ketamine and its antinociceptive effects after intrathecal administration in rats are known. We decided to evaluate the effects of intrathecal S(+) ketamine added to a small dose of spinal bupivacaine in elderly patients undergoing transurethral prostate surgery. ⋯ Intrathecal S(+) ketamine administered with a low dose of bupivacaine provides shorter motor and sensory block onset time, shorter duration of action and less motor blockade in elderly males.