Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association
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The objective of this study was to examine risks of preterm births, quantify the explanatory power achieved by adding medical and obstetric risk factors to the models and to examine temporal changes in preterm birth due to changes in Medicaid eligibility and the establishment of a maternal-fetal medicine referral system. ⋯ Physiological conditions are strongly associated with early preterm birth. Maternal behaviors and other stressors are predictive of later preterm birth. Unmeasured effects of poverty continue to have a role in preterm birth. Further examination of the referral system is needed.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Lower back-up rates improve ventilator triggering during assist-control ventilation: a randomized crossover trial.
The objective of this study is to compare the effects of back-up ventilation rates (BURs) on triggered inflations and patient cardiorespiratory stability during assist-control/volume guarantee ventilation (AC/VG). ⋯ Using a lower BUR allows greater triggering of ventilator inflations. Cardiorespiratory parameters including CO(2) levels were stable at all rates.
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Comparative Study
Outcomes of preterm infants <29 weeks gestation over 10-year period in Canada: a cause for concern?
To compare risk-adjusted changes in outcomes of preterm infants <29 weeks gestation born in 1996 to 1997 with those born in 2006 to 2007. ⋯ Improvements in prenatal care has resulted in improvement in the quality of care, as reflected by reduced severity of illness and mortality. However, after adjustment of prenatal factors, no improvement in any of the outcomes was observed and on the contrary bronchopulmonary dysplasia increased. There is need for identification and application of postnatal strategies to improve outcomes of extreme preterm infants.
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Chlorhexidine gluconate (CHG) is a widely used topical antiseptic that is recommended by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention for skin cleansing before central venous catheter insertion in adults and children. Because of limited safety data, CHG is not recommended for use in children <2 months of age. CHG is, however, frequently used in Neonatal Intensive Care Units across the United States. Here, we will review the safety of CHG use in preterm infants.