Journal of obstetric, gynecologic, and neonatal nursing : JOGNN
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J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs · Sep 2004
ReviewEmpowering older women: strategies to enhance their health and health care.
Older persons, especially older women, report that often their needs are not met in health care encounters. Lack of active participation by the patient is a major reason for this dissatisfaction. This article reviews research on older women's socialization that discourages them from challenging the status quo in interactions with others. It suggests ways that health care providers can empower female patients: They can encourage active participation during health care encounters, and they can help patients prepare for encounters so they can have their needs met.
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To determine nurses' perceptions and practices of identified elements of family-centered care. ⋯ Although nurses agree the identified elements of family-centered care are necessary, they do not consistently apply those elements in their everyday practice. Years of experience and clinical work setting influenced both perceptions and practices of family-centered care.
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J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs · May 2004
Validity and reliability of the neonatal skin condition score.
To demonstrate the validity and reliability of the Neonatal Skin Condition Scale (NSCS) used in the Association of Women's Health, Obstetric and Neonatal Nurses (AWHONN) and the National Association of Neonatal Nurses (NANN) neonatal skin care evidence-based practice project. ⋯ The Neonatal Skin Condition Score (NSCS) is reliable when used by single and multiple raters to assess neonatal skin condition, even across weight groups and racial groups. Validity of the NSCS was demonstrated by confirmation of the relationship of the skin condition scores with birth weight, number of observations, and prevalence of infection.
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J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs · May 2004
Comparison of self-reported smoking and urinary cotinine levels in a rural pregnant population.
(a) to assess the accuracy of self-reported smoking status in pregnant women from rural and small metropolitan statistical areas who stated they were smokers at the onset of pregnancy, (b) to compare the characteristics of these women who self-reported a nonsmoker status at the first prenatal visit with those who reported a smoker status, and (c) to determine the characteristics that predict self-reported smoking status and positive/negative urinary cotinine assays. ⋯ These results substantiate the unreliability of self-report on smoking status in the pregnant population and in women who are recent quitters. Such findings have implications for clinical practice, such as (a) changes are necessary in how the prenatal interview assesses past and present tobacco use, (b) pregnant smokers who are multigravidae and who live with other smokers need more tailored interventions, and (c) more research is needed on how self-report can be ethically and efficiently validated.
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J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs · Mar 2004
ReviewBehavioral and physiological indicators of procedural and postoperative pain in high-risk infants.
Nurses play a critical role in the assessment and management of infant pain. In this article, infant pain assessment tools that are valid, reliable, clinically sensitive, and developmentally appropriate are discussed. ⋯ Behavioral and physiological indicators of pain, sleep-wake states, and infant development are discussed as important considerations in pain assessment. Recommendations for improving pain assessment practices are offered in conclusion.