Journal of obstetric, gynecologic, and neonatal nursing : JOGNN
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J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs · Mar 2004
ReviewBehavioral and physiological indicators of procedural and postoperative pain in high-risk infants.
Nurses play a critical role in the assessment and management of infant pain. In this article, infant pain assessment tools that are valid, reliable, clinically sensitive, and developmentally appropriate are discussed. ⋯ Behavioral and physiological indicators of pain, sleep-wake states, and infant development are discussed as important considerations in pain assessment. Recommendations for improving pain assessment practices are offered in conclusion.
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J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs · Mar 2004
The relationship between physiological and behavioral measures of stress in preterm infants.
The purpose of this exploratory descriptive analysis was to explore relationships among physiological stress, behavioral stress, and motor activity cues in preterm infants when they were not being handled or disturbed, and to determine whether there were differences between younger and older preterm infants in these variables or relationships. ⋯ Although these results are preliminary, they suggest that neonatal nurses should monitor preterm infants' behavioral stress and motor activity cues in response to caregiving and minimize stimuli that evoke stress responses linked to physiological instability.