Journal of obstetric, gynecologic, and neonatal nursing : JOGNN
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J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs · Mar 2004
ReviewBehavioral and physiological indicators of procedural and postoperative pain in high-risk infants.
Nurses play a critical role in the assessment and management of infant pain. In this article, infant pain assessment tools that are valid, reliable, clinically sensitive, and developmentally appropriate are discussed. ⋯ Behavioral and physiological indicators of pain, sleep-wake states, and infant development are discussed as important considerations in pain assessment. Recommendations for improving pain assessment practices are offered in conclusion.