Child's nervous system : ChNS : official journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery
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Review Case Reports
Multilevel thoracic hemangioma with spinal cord compression in a pediatric patient: case report and review of the literature.
Vertebral hemangiomas are common benign vascular tumors of the spine. It is very rare for these lesions to symptomatically compress neural elements. If spinal cord compression does occur, it usually involves only a single level. Multilevel vertebral hemangiomas causing symptomatic spinal cord compression have never been reported in the pediatric population to the best of our knowledge. ⋯ In this report, we present the first case of a child with multilevel vertebral hemangiomas causing symptomatic spinal cord compression and review the literature to detail the pathophysiology, management, and treatment of other cases of spinal cord compression by vertebral hemangiomas.
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Review Case Reports
Pediatric iatrogenic thoracic kyphosis and tension myelopathy treated with a thoracic pedicle subtraction osteotomy: a case report and review of the literature.
Pediatric kyphotic deformity is an uncommon clinical entity that can occur following posterior spinal operations and has significant complexity in its treatment. Tension myelopathy in a pediatric patient with a thoracic kyphotic deformity has not been reported in the literature. ⋯ Both clinical and radiographic improvements were observed after surgery. We review the literature on pediatric thoracic kyphosis and tension myelopathy and the treatment of these pathologies.
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We present a small series consisting of eight children with unilateral facet injury of the cervical spine treated surgically. ⋯ We suggest that surgical treatment of these injuries in the pediatric age group may lead to satisfactory clinical and radiographic outcomes, but HRQoL analysis suggests that patients remain physically and emotionally disabled to some degree after surgery.
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Endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) is a viable alternative to CSF shunting in hydrocephalic patients and is used with varying degrees of success dependent on age and etiology. The purpose of this meta-analysis is to analyze data on ETV and ETV/CPC (choroid plexus cauterization) outcomes in hopes of providing a clear understanding of their limitations in patients with hydrocephalus due to hemorrhage, infection, Dandy-Walker malformation, or neural tube disorders. ⋯ ETV is a valid treatment for hydrocephalus of any etiology. There exists a small difference in success rates between infection, hemorrhage, and neural tube disorders, though not enough to discount ETV for these etiologies. Initial data utilizing ETV/CPC are promising, and additional studies will need to be done to verify such results.
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Review Case Reports
Ventriculoperitoneal shunt as a primary neurosurgical procedure in newborn posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus: report of a series of 47 shunted patients.
Intraventricular hemorrhage is the most common cause of infantile acquired hydrocephalus. Our objective is to determine if the implantation of ventriculoperitoneal shunt in posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus as a primary and definitive neurosurgical treatment, with no previous temporary procedures, would decrease complication rates with good functional outcomes. ⋯ Ventriculoperitoneal shunting as a primary neurosurgical treatment in posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus would decrease surgical morbidity with good functional outcome.