Arthroscopy : the journal of arthroscopic & related surgery : official publication of the Arthroscopy Association of North America and the International Arthroscopy Association
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Comparative Study
Arthroscopic perspective of the axillary nerve in relation to the glenoid and arm position: a cadaveric study.
The purposes of this study were to examine the morphologic features of the axillary nerve and its relation to the glenoid under an arthroscopic setup, and to determine the changes in nerve position according to different arm positions. ⋯ Knowledge of the anatomy of the axillary nerve aids the shoulder surgeon in avoiding nerve injury during arthroscopic procedures. Abduction-neutral rotation may be more helpful for arthroscopic surgeons performing procedures in the anteroinferior glenoid with the nerve being farther away from the working field.
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A case is described in which hot irrigation fluid used during a routine knee arthroscopy caused severe morbidity. The patient sustained full-thickness skin burns requiring debridement, a muscle flap, and split-skin grafting. ⋯ The underlying factors included equipment failure but also a delay in appreciating the severity of the soft-tissue damage. This case highlights the need for a robust protocol for the management of warming the irrigation fluid, as well as monitoring the actual fluid temperature.
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The purpose of this study was to evaluate 3 different femoral techniques of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction using a skeletally immature canine model. ⋯ ACL reconstruction in the skeletally immature individual is complicated by the presence of active physeal and epiphyseal cartilage surrounding the growing knee, the pathophysiologic consequences of injury to these developing structures, and the final effect on the anatomy and function of the graft, bone, and articular surface. Animal models can provide insight and direction as we develop and evaluate our treatment methods for this clinical problem, but these animal models have anatomic and physiologic differences that limit direct comparison to humans.