Journal of holistic nursing : official journal of the American Holistic Nurses' Association
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Parents' positioning and distracting children during venipuncture. Effects on children's pain, fear, and distress.
The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of parental positioning and distraction on the pain, fear, and distress of pediatric patients undergoing venipuncture. An experimental-comparison group design was used to evaluate 43 patients (20 experimental and 23 comparison) who were 4 to 11 years old. Experimental participants used parental positioning and distraction. ⋯ Although no differences was found in distress between the two groups, a significant time trend was discovered (p < .001). The parental positioning-distraction intervention has the potential to enhance positive clinical outcomes with a primary benefit of decreased fear. Further research is warranted.