Annals of Saudi medicine
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Annals of Saudi medicine · May 2012
Ectopic nephrogenic rest in the inguinal canal in a 6-month-old girl and a review of published studies.
Ectopic nephrogenic rests in the inguinal canal are rare. Usually discovered incidentally during surgery, these rests should raise the suspicion of an early extrarenal Wilms tumor. The differential diagnosis between the two entities is not only difficult but also essential, since they imply different treatment decisions. ⋯ Pathological diagnosis confirmed the diagnosis of an extrarenal hyperplastic nephrogenic rest. Five previous cases of ectopic nephrogenic rests originating in the inguinal canal have been reported, all of which were associated with a patent processus vaginalis. In this case, the nephrogenic rest was not associated with a congenital inguinal hernia.
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Annals of Saudi medicine · May 2012
ReviewUpdate on diabetes diagnosis: a historical review of the dilemma of the diagnostic utility of glycohemoglobin A1c and a proposal for a combined glucose-A1c diagnostic method.
The role of glycohemoglobin A1c (A1c) for the diagnosis of diabetes has been debated for over three decades. Recently, the American Diabetes Association (ADA) has recommended adding A1c as an additional criterion for diabetes diagnosis. ⋯ This proposal is based on the non-overlapping of the advantages and disadvantages of these individual tests. The cost-effectiveness of this method remains to be tested.
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Annals of Saudi medicine · May 2012
Expression of testis-specific genes, TEX101 and ODF4, in chronic myeloid leukemia and evaluation of TEX101 immunogenicity.
Cancer-testis (CT) antigens are a group of antigens with a restricted expression in normal tissues, except testis, and they have aberrant expression in different tumors. This pattern of expression has made them promising targets for immunotherapy and cancer detection. Our aim was to find new members of this group that might be useful as markers in the detection of cancer and immunotherapy. ⋯ TEX101 and ODF4 are CT genes useful for detection of CML. Unlike many CT genes, overexpression of TEX101 was not shown to induce immunologic responses in these samples. According to the previous studies, overexpression of TEX101 leads to suppression of cancer invasion and metastasis; thus, the induction of the expression of TEX101 in cancer by epigenetic mechanisms may be a treatment strategy.