The Clinical journal of pain
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Development and Validation of the Behavioral Avoidance Test - Back pain (BAT-Back) for Patients with Chronic Low Back Pain.
Pain-related fear and avoidance of physical activities are central elements of the fear-avoidance model of musculoskeletal pain. Pain-related fear has typically been measured by self-report instruments. In this study, we developed and validated a Behavioral Avoidance Test (BAT) for chronic low back pain (CLBP) patients with the aim of assessing pain-related avoidance behavior by direct observation. ⋯ Results indicate that the BAT-Back is a reliable and valid measure of pain-related avoidance behavior. It may be useful for clinicians in tailoring treatments for chronic pain as well as an outcome measure for exposure treatments.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Does Topical Lidocaine Reduce the Pain associated with the Insertion of Nasal Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Prongs in Preterm Infants? A Randomized, Controlled Pilot Trial.
To evaluate the efficacy of topical lidocaine 2% gel in reducing the pain associated with the insertion of nasal continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP) prongs in preterm infants. ⋯ Our data suggest that topical lidocaine did not reduce the pain associated with the insertion of nCPAP prongs in preterm infants. However, the trends for lower PIPP scores in the lidocaine group and the effect sizes for lidocaine on PIPP scores and salivary cortisol were large enough so that a large-scale randomized clinical trial is warranted to confirm or refute our results. Such a study should compare 2 or more active pain interventions during nCPAP application, rather than evaluating a single intervention versus placebo or no treatment.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Randomized Sham-controlled Double-Blind Multicenter Clinical Trial to Ascertain the Effect of Percutaneous Radiofrequency Treatment for Sacroiliac Joint Pain: Three-month Results.
To investigate the effect of a percutaneous radiofrequency (RF) heat lesion compared with a sham procedure, applied to the lateral branches of L5, S1, S2, S3, and S4 nerve roots. ⋯ Level 1A.
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Review Meta Analysis
Does Evidence Support the Use of Neural Tissue Management to Reduce Pain and Disability in Nerve-related Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain? A Systematic Review with Meta-analysis.
In nerve-related chronic musculoskeletal (MS) disorders, neural tissue management is used to relieve pain by balancing the relative movement of neural tissues and their surrounding tissues. To date, there has not been any review evaluating the magnitude of this treatment effect in nerve-related chronic MS pain. The aim of this review was to compare pain and disability in individuals with nerve-related chronic MS pain who were treated with neural tissue management with those who received minimal or other treatment approaches. ⋯ Neural tissue management is superior to minimal intervention for pain relief and reduction of disability in nerve-related chronic MS pain. Existing evidence does not establish superiority of neural mobilization over other forms of intervention in reducing pain and disability in individuals with nerve-related chronic MS pain.
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To systematically review the evidence for duloxetine in the management of painful diabetic neuropathy (PDN). ⋯ Duloxetine has a beneficial effect over placebo. Nevertheless, the evidence of superiority of duloxetine over pregabalin and amitriptyline should be explored further as there was only 1 trial for each category. Provided majority of the PDN patients share cardiovascular complications, use of duloxetine will be a good option for treating pain associated with PDN over amitriptyline. Future randomized controlled trials should be designed keeping this in mind.