The Clinical journal of pain
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Safety and Efficacy of Needle-Free Powder Lidocaine Delivery System in Adult Patients Undergoing Venipuncture or Peripheral Venous Cannulation: Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Trial.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of a needle-free powder lidocaine delivery system compared with sham placebo in adults. ⋯ This clinical trial demonstrated that use of a needle-free powder lidocaine delivery system resulted in a significant reduction of pain during venipuncture and peripheral intravenous cannulation in adults. Both the predefined primary endpoint and all 3 secondary endpoints were met. The needle-free powder lidocaine delivery system may be an option for analgesia during venous access procedures in adults.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Triggering Descending Pain Inhibition by Observing Ourselves or a Loved-one in Pain.
Recent studies demonstrate that empathy-evoked brain responses include the activation of brainstem structures responsible for triggering descending pain inhibition. Unfortunately, direct evidence linking empathy for pain and descending inhibitory controls (conditioned pain modulation) is lacking. This study, therefore, aimed to determine if the observation of ourselves or a loved-one in pain could activate descending pain inhibition without exposure to a noxious stimulation; which is otherwise required. ⋯ This study showed that observing someone in pain triggers descending pain inhibition. Results also demonstrate how empathy and gender are affecting pain modulation mechanisms.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Pregabalin in Subjects With Painful Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy Using an NSAID for Other Pain Conditions: A Double-Blind Crossover Study.
To evaluate pregabalin's efficacy and safety versus placebo to reduce pain in patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) using a concomitant nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug. ⋯ Pregabalin (vs. placebo) showed overall improvements in sleep, pain reduction in 1 sensitivity analysis, and was well tolerated. Potential factors that may have confounded the ability to detect a treatment difference in DPN pain reduction (high placebo response, carryover effect, short washout period, or pregabalin dose) are discussed in the context of future studies.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Sympathetic Dysfunction in Patients with Chronic Low Back Pain and Failed Back Surgery Syndrome.
Chronic low back pain (CLBP) is defined as pain that persists longer than 12 weeks and is often attributed to degenerative or traumatic conditions of the spine. Failed back surgery syndrome is a condition in which chronic pain persists after spinal surgery. Electrodiagnostic studies can be used to confirm the diagnosis of lumbosacral radiculopathy, but other diagnostic methods are often needed to assess sympathetic nervous system dysfunction. ⋯ It was concluded that the sympathetic nervous system is affected in CLBP and FBSS patients with abnormalities in SSR and that the dysfunction of sympathetic nervous system may contribute to the intensity and chronicity of pain in these groups of patients. Moreover, a strong association was found between SSR and functional disabilities in these patients.