The Clinical journal of pain
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The cornea is the target of most surgeries for refractive disorders, as myopia. It is estimated that almost 1 million patients undergo corneal refractive surgery each year in the United States. Refractive surgery includes photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) that produces intense postoperative pain. This review presents the main pain mechanisms behind PRK-related pain and the available therapeutic options for its management. ⋯ The percentage of responders has seldom been reported, and few studies allow for the formal calculation of the number necessary to treat. Postoperative intense pain after PRK laser surgery remains the main challenge to its widespread use for the correction of refractive errors.
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Historical Article
Nocebo Effect of Informed Consent in Interventional Procedures.
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Multicenter Study Observational Study
Pediatric Immunization Distress: A Cluster Analyses of Children's, Parents' and Nurses' Behaviors During the Anticipatory Phase.
Using cluster analysis, we aimed to identify a typology of nurses', parents', and young children's behaviors during the anticipatory phase of pediatric immunizations to explore the associations between these different typologies and to determine whether these groups differed with respect to the child's procedural distress as rated by the child and the parents and with respect to the adults' self-rated distress. ⋯ The results confirm previous dimensional studies and add relevant knowledge concerning typologies of participant behaviors that may be useful in understanding such behaviors and in helping providers in their management of child immunizations.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Craniosacral Therapy for the Treatment of Chronic Neck Pain: A Randomized Sham-controlled Trial.
With growing evidence for the effectiveness of craniosacral therapy (CST) for pain management, the efficacy of CST remains unclear. This study therefore aimed at investigating CST in comparison with sham treatment in chronic nonspecific neck pain patients. ⋯ CST was both specifically effective and safe in reducing neck pain intensity and may improve functional disability and the quality of life up to 3 months after intervention.
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To examine sleep disturbances in the POINT cohort study consisting of participants prescribed long-term opioids for chronic noncancer pain (CNCP), and to examine the relationship between sleep and measures of pain, physical and mental health, substance use, and medication use at the baseline interview. ⋯ High levels of sleep problems were reported in this community sample of CNCP patients prescribed long-term opioids, and were associated with mental health problems and increased medication use. Nonmedication approaches to addressing sleep problems should be prioritized in this population.