The Clinical journal of pain
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Observational Study
Novel Signs and their Clinical Utility in Diagnosing Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS) - A Prospective Observational Cohort Study.
Delays in diagnosis occur with complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS). We define and prospectively demonstrate that novel bedside tests measuring body perception disruption can identify patients with CRPS postfracture. ⋯ Novel signs are reliable, easy to perform, and present in chronic pain patients. FP and BS have significant clinical utility in predicting persistent pain in a fracture group thereby allowing targeted early intervention.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Preoperative Hypoalgesia after Cold Pressor Test and Aerobic Exercise is Associated with Pain Relief Six Months after Total Knee Replacement.
Chronic pain after total knee replacement (TKR) is not uncommon. Preoperative impaired conditioning pain modulation (CPM) has been used to predict chronic postoperative pain. Interestingly, exercises reduce pain sensitivity in patients with knee osteoarthritis (KOA). This pilot study investigated the association between exercise-induced hypoalgesia (EIH) and CPM on post-TKR pain relief. ⋯ In KOA patients, hypoalgesia after cold pressor stimulation and aerobic exercise assessed preoperatively by cuff algometry was associated with pain relief 6 months after TKR. EIH as a novel preoperative screening tool should be further investigated in larger studies.
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Comparative Study
Racial Differences in Parental Responses to Children's Chronic Pain.
Parental responses to children's pain are related to how youth cope with chronic pain. However, little research has explored cultural differences in the 4 major pain response categories (ie, protect, minimize, distract, and monitor). This study compared parental responses to children's pain between minority parents (ie, black, Hispanic, multiracial) and parents of white children. ⋯ Results highlight the need to adapt pediatric chronic pain interventions to family culture and context. Further research is needed to understand pediatric chronic pain from a cross-cultural perspective.
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This study examined key functional outcomes following a 3-week interdisciplinary pediatric pain rehabilitation program for adolescents with chronic pain. Maintenance of gains was evaluated at 3-month follow-up. ⋯ This study adds to the available data supporting interdisciplinary pediatric pain rehabilitation as effective in improving functioning and psychological distress even when discontinuing opioids. Implications for future research and limitations of the study are discussed.
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It is not known whether psychosocial chronic pain treatments produce benefits through the unique mechanisms specified by theory. Fundamental to gaining an accurate understanding of this issue is to first determine whether the most widely used process measures assess unique constructs and predict unique variance in pain outcomes. This study examined the associations between the Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS), Five-Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ-SF), and the Chronic Pain Acceptance Questionnaire (CPAQ-8), and determined their unique contributions to the prediction of pain intensity, pain interference, and depression. ⋯ The findings indicate that pain catastrophizing, mindfulness, and pain acceptance are related, but unique constructs. The PCS and select FFMQ-SF scales were uniquely associated with the criterion measures. However, the PCS emerged as the most robust process, highlighting the importance of targeting this cognitive domain in streamlining pain treatments to optimize outcome.