The Clinical journal of pain
-
Randomized Controlled Trial
Differential frequency effects of strong nonpainful transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation on experimentally induced ischemic pain in healthy human participants.
Electrophysiological studies show frequency-dependent effects of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) in animal models of hyperalgesia. Evidence of frequency-dependent effects of TENS in humans is conflicting. ⋯ Strong nonpainful TENS delivered at 80 pps reduced experimentally induced ischemic pain when compared with TENS delivered at 3 pps.
-
Our primary goals were to determine whether preexisting fear of pain and pain sensitivity contributed to post-exercise pain intensity. ⋯ Combined, these findings suggest that the initial reports of pain after injury may be more strongly influenced by fear whereas the inflammatory process and pain sensitivity may play a larger role for later pain intensity reports.
-
To determine whether the local and referred pain from active myofascial trigger points (MTrPs) reproduce the overall spontaneous fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) pain pattern and whether widespread pressure hypersensitivity is related to the presence of widespread active MTrPs in FMS. ⋯ The local and referred pain elicited from widespread active MTrPs fully reproduced the overall spontaneous clinical pain area in patients with FMS. Widespread mechanical pain hypersensitivity was related to a greater number of active MTrPs. This study suggests that nociceptive inputs from active MTrPs may contribute to central sensitization in FMS.
-
Randomized Controlled Trial
Effect of hypnosis on pain and blink reflexes in patients with painful temporomandibular disorders.
This study contrasted the effect of hypnosis on self-reported pain and changes in a nociceptive brainstem reflex, the blink reflex (BR), in 39 women with temporomandibular disorder. ⋯ Hypnosis thus seems to reduce complex temporomandibular disorder pain, most likely because of cortical changes with little, if any, involvement of brainstem reflex pathways.
-
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Clinical Trial
Treatment expectation for pain coping skills training: relationship to osteoarthritis patients' baseline psychosocial characteristics.
This study examined predictors of treatment expectation among osteoarthritis (OA) patients in a multisite clinical trial of pain coping skills training (CST). ⋯ Although many OA patients will approach pain CST with positive expectations, others have lower expectations. This study suggests that a multidimensional assessment of OA patients with chronic pain can identify those who have higher expectations versus lower expectations. The results suggest that patients who are psychologically distressed are less optimistic about engaging in treatment and that these patients, in particular, may benefit from and need pretreatment motivational interviewing to enhance their uptake of pain coping skills.