The Clinical journal of pain
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Intravenous regional ketorolac and lidocaine in the treatment of complex regional pain syndrome of the lower extremity: a randomized, double-blinded, crossover study.
Intravenous regional blocks (IVRBs) with ketorolac and lidocaine have been reported to be useful in the treatment of complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS). This is the first controlled prospective study of IVRB with lidocaine and ketorolac for treatment of pain and edema in CRPS of the lower extremity in adults. ⋯ IVRB with ketorolac and lidocaine produced only short-term pain reduction in patients with CRPS involving the lower extremity after 4 serial injections in our study group. Prospective study is warranted, particularly in the pediatric population.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
The effect of auricular acupuncture on fentanyl requirement during hip arthroplasty: a randomized controlled trial.
Although auricular acupuncture (AA) is suggested to be effective in treatment of pain, it has not yet been used for intraoperative analgesia. Therefore, we studied whether the AA reduces intraoperative analgesic requirement during total hip arthroplasty (THA). ⋯ Regarding the modest clinical effect, AA should be further investigated for its clinical usefulness for complementary analgesia during the surgery.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Pregabalin for peripheral neuropathic pain: a multicenter, enriched enrollment randomized withdrawal placebo-controlled trial.
To date, published neuropathic pain randomized controlled trials of pregabalin have involved primarily diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) and postherpetic neuralgia (PHN). This multicenter trial evaluated pregabalin in a broader range of neuropathic pain etiologies. ⋯ These results support previous evidence of pregabalin efficacy but further demonstrate efficacy and tolerability in a broader range of peripheral neuropathic pain conditions beyond just DPN and PHN.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Local pain and spreading hyperalgesia induced by intramuscular injection of nerve growth factor are not reduced by local anesthesia of the muscle.
Injections with local anesthesia for therapeutic and diagnostic purposes are common clinical practice. This double-blind placebo controlled study explores the rational of local anesthetic blocks for the detection of muscle pain as the primary generator in spreading hyperalgesic conditions. ⋯ Muscle pain and spreading hyperalgesia induced by NGF is maintained despite anesthesia of the primary nociceptive locus. This indicates that intramuscular injection of local anesthetics may not be a valid diagnostic method for primary muscle pain.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Intermediate and long-term effects of a standardized back school for inpatient orthopedic rehabilitation on illness knowledge and self-management behaviors: a randomized controlled trial.
A back school is a mandatory part of the multimodal rehabilitation program for patients with chronic low back pain in Germany. However, no standardized and evaluated back school program has been available for routine use. In this study, we report the evaluation of a new back school that was developed based on theories of health behavior, treatment evidence, practice guidelines, and quality criteria for patient education. ⋯ The superior effectiveness of the back school based on a biopsychosocial approach was demonstrated with regard to illness knowledge and self-management behaviors up to 1 year. Thus, the program may be recommended for dissemination within medical rehabilitation.