The Clinical journal of pain
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Randomized, double blinded comparative trial of intradermal injections of lignocaine versus N-saline around the knee to relieve pain in patients awaiting total knee replacement.
We report a randomized, double-blinded comparative study assessing the efficacy of local anesthetic with N-saline intradermal blocks around the knee to reduce pain and improve patient satisfaction while waiting for a total knee joint replacement. ⋯ Thirty-two of 34 patients attended at 1-week assessment, 24 (75%) felt that they were improved, and 8 (25%) considered they were unchanged or worse. In both the saline and lignocaine groups, 12 of 16 patients felt that they had improved. N-saline proved as effective as lignocaine in reducing knee pain when injected intradermally. Seventy-five percent of patients were improved at 1 week.
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Comment Letter Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Comparison of ketamine plus midazolam versus ketamine for sedation in children during lumbar puncture.
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Review Meta Analysis
The diagnostic accuracy of brief screening questions for psychosocial risk factors of poor outcome from an episode of pain: A systematic review.
To determine the diagnostic accuracy of brief screening questions for psychosocial risk factors predictive of poor outcome from an episode of pain. ⋯ Data were only available on the accuracy of brief screening instruments for depression and anxiety, and there was variability in the results. Head-to-head studies are required to determine if this variability reflects differential question accuracy or population characteristics, and studies that determine the diagnostic accuracy of brief screening questions for other common psychosocial risk factors would be useful.
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Comparative Study
Comparing diary and retrospective reports of pain and activity restriction in children and adolescents with chronic pain conditions.
The current study investigated the daily relationship between pain, activity restriction, and depression in children and adolescents with chronic pain, and compared participants' responses on diary and retrospective assessment measures. ⋯ These preliminary results suggest that although retrospective reports of activity restriction may be an acceptable alternative to daily diary assessment for children with chronic pain, retrospective measures of pain intensity may show inflated pain levels. To provide support for the findings, longitudinal research comparing responses to diary versus retrospective measures is recommended.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Sensory complaints of the upper extremities in multiple sclerosis: relative efficacy of nortriptyline and transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the relative efficacy of nortriptyline and self-applied transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) in the treatment of pain and/or sensory complaints of the upper extremities in people with multiple sclerosis (MS). ⋯ This study demonstrates that both nortriptyline and TENS can be effective in reducing the intensity of pain and/or sensory complaints in the upper extremities of people with MS. However given the side-effect profile of nortriptyline, TENS may have some benefits over nortriptyline. This modest reduction in the intensity of pain and/or sensory complaints suggests that physicians should carefully weigh the risk and benefits of nortriptyline and TENS in people with MS with pain and/or sensory complaints.