The Clinical journal of pain
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The study investigates the physiological responses of preterm infants to procedures that are routinely performed in intensive care nurseries. Changes in heart rate, respiration rate, and oxygen saturation were examined as indicators of the level of discomfort experienced by the infant during the procedures. ⋯ The outcome measures appear to be reliable indices of preterm infant responses to painful stimulation.
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Comparative Study
Depression and the experience of chronic back pain: a study of related variables and age differences.
To document the prevalence of depression and examine the relationship between depression and selected pain-related variables associated with chronic back pain among elderly and nonelderly samples. ⋯ There is a high prevalence of dysphoria in both the elderly and nonelderly with chronic back pain. The relationships between pain-related constructs and depressed mood in chronic back pain patients are similar in the elderly and nonelderly. The impact of the pain experience on the individual's activities, functioning, and feelings of life control should be considered in theoretical and clinical explanations of the association between pain and depression.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
False-positive rates of cervical zygapophysial joint blocks.
To determine the false-positive rate of anesthetic blocks of the medial branches of the cervical dorsal rami in the diagnosis of cervical zygapophysial joint pain. ⋯ Uncontrolled diagnostic blocks are compromised by a significant false-positive rate that seriously detracts from the specificity of the test.
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The purpose of the present study was to examine factors that influence individual differences in treatment response after multidisciplinary pain management. ⋯ Changes in coping strategies and negative thinking may be important mechanisms related to improvement, or lack of improvement, in a range of outcome measures. Patients from families who are controlling and disorganized, and patients high on negative thinking at pretreatment may represent high-risk groups in need of further individually tailored interventions.