Pediatric emergency care
-
Pediatric emergency care · Jun 1992
Measurement of severity for nonhospitalized injuries in the pediatric age group.
To better classify minor injuries in the pediatric outpatient population, we empirically developed a scale to predict functional impairment, one week and one month postinjury, based on data available at the time of care. A sample of 857 injured children aged five to 19 years was randomly split into two subsamples. Using logistic regression techniques, predictive models were developed and confirmed on the subsamples and then applied to the full sample. ⋯ Type of injury, specifically fracture, dislocation, and sprain, and location of injury (lower extremity) were significant predictors of functional impairment one month postinjury; however, once again, the type of injury was the only variable consistently significant across all models. Other than the type of injury, the variables available at the time of care were too uniform between disabled and nondisabled patients to be useful in developing a severity scale for minor injuries. We conclude that other outcome measurements or scale development techniques should be explored to develop a useful classification scheme for minor injuries.
-
We undertook a prospective study of 377 children (two to 16 years old) presenting with abdominal pain to determine: 1) common discharge diagnoses; 2) what signs and symptoms are associated with appendicitis; and 3) follow-up of patients discharged from the emergency department (ED). Nine diagnoses accounted for 86% of all diagnoses made. The most common final diagnosis was "abdominal pain" (36%). ⋯ Of the patients contacted within one week of the visit (237), 75% reported that the pain had resolved (mean contact time, 2.6 days). We conclude that 1) patients presenting to the ED with abdominal pain often leave with the diagnosis of abdominal pain; 2) of the patients contacted, the majority reported that their pain has resolved; and 3) a diagnosis of appendicitis should be considered in any patient with any two of the following signs or symptoms: vomiting, guarding, tenderness, or RLQ pain. Such patients should be evaluated and observed carefully for the possible diagnosis of appendicitis.
-
Pediatric emergency care · Jun 1992
Case ReportsAn unsuspected alkaline battery foreign body presenting as malignant otitis externa.
We describe a case of an unsuspected button battery foreign body in the ear canal causing symptoms that mimic malignant otitis externa in a previously healthy 13 year old. Button batteries in the ear canal may cause extensive liquefactive necrosis of the surrounding tissue by leaking an alkaline electrolyte solution. Suspicion of a foreign body should be maintained in any child presenting with a complicated otitis externa. Prompt evaluation and removal of button batteries are necessary to prevent tissue destruction.
-
The potential causes of excessive, prolonged crying in early infancy represent a broad range of conditions. The underlying etiology causing an acute episode of crying may not be recognized in a single emergency department encounter. An adverse outcome may result when an infant with unexplained crying is discharged with a diagnosis of colic.
-
Pediatric emergency care · Jun 1992
A one-year series of pediatric ED water-related injuries: the Hawaii EMS-C project.
During a 12-month period ending on November 30, 1988, data on 133 pediatric patients visiting a pediatric emergency department with water-related injuries were collected. Of these patients, 70% were male. There were 13 submersions, seven cases of head trauma, three cases of neck trauma, 88 cases of external injury, and 34 other injuries. ⋯ Eighty-six percent of the cohort knew how to swim. Swimming, playing, and surfing activity accounted for most of the injuries. Measures for prevention are described.