Pediatric emergency care
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Pediatric emergency care · Dec 1998
Review Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialUse of topical lidocaine in pediatric laceration repair: a review of topical anesthetics.
To determine whether application of topical aqueous lidocaine to a laceration attenuates the pain from the subsequent lidocaine injection in children. ⋯ For children, soaking a simple laceration with 1% lidocaine does not decrease pain from the subsequent lidocaine injection.
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Pediatric emergency care · Dec 1998
Changing epidemiology of injury-related pediatric mortality in a rural state: implications for injury control.
To document the current epidemiology of pediatric injury-related deaths in a rural state and evaluate changes over time. ⋯ The epidemiology of rural pediatric injury-related deaths has changed. Deaths related to suicide and firearms have increased. Violent deaths related to injuries caused by firearms are at a magnitude approaching all other causes. These findings have implications for public health education and injury control strategies in rural areas.
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Pediatric emergency care · Dec 1998
Review Case ReportsDelayed diagnosis of splenic injury after falls from less than 10 feet.
Splenic injury is the most common abdominal organ injury in children who sustain blunt trauma and may result from apparently minor injuries. We present two cases of delayed diagnosis of splenic injury in children who fell from a moderate height of less than 10 feet. Careful physical examination and close follow-up with reevaluation are necessary to identify children with possible splenic injury after relatively minor blunt trauma.
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Carbon monoxide (CO), a colorless, odorless gas, accounts for the majority of fatal poisonings in the United States. To date, few screening studies that evaluate pediatric exposure are available. The objectives of this study were to determine the value of a CO breath analyzer for detecting pediatric CO exposure and to identify potential CO sources. ⋯ 1.9% (9/470) of patients had elevated breath CO levels and COHb levels by cooximetry. Putative sources of CO exposure were active cigarette smoking for five patients and a faulty furnace in the home for one patient. On the basis of the history, we believe environmental tobacco smoke or automobile exhaust or both contributed to the elevated COHb levels in the other three patients. There was a good correlation between COHb by cooximetry and breath analysis (concordance correlation = 0.739) CONCLUSION: Breath analysis for CO is a convenient tool to estimate exposure and identify older children at risk.