Otolaryngology--head and neck surgery : official journal of American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery
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Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg · Feb 2011
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyAntiemetic efficacy of low-dose midazolam in patients undergoing thyroidectomy.
Postoperative nausea and vomiting are distressing and frequent adverse events of anesthesia and surgery, with a high incidence following thyroidectomy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of low-dose midazolam for preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting in patients undergoing thyroidectomy. ⋯ Midazolam 50 µg/kg is as effective as midazolam 75 µg/kg for preventing postoperative vomiting, but not postoperative nausea, during the first 24 hours after anesthesia in patients undergoing thyroidectomy.
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Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg · Feb 2011
Comparative StudyPenetrating neck trauma in Operation Iraqi Freedom.
To examine the surgical outcomes of penetrating neck trauma patients in Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF) and compare treatment and perioperative survival to historical data with low-velocity penetrating neck trauma seen in a noncombat clinical setting. ⋯ The perioperative mortality and the positive exploration rate for high-velocity penetrating neck trauma by deployed surgeons in OIF are very comparable to those rates seen in civilian centers managing low-velocity penetrating neck trauma.
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Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg · Feb 2011
Comparative StudyDexmedetomidine use in pediatric airway reconstruction.
Assess the postoperative use of dexmedetomidine (Precedex) in pediatric patients following airway reconstruction. ⋯ In cases requiring short-term intubation following airway reconstruction, dexmedetomidine may offer a safe alternative to propofol by providing readily reversible sedation during the periextubation period. Further studies are needed to determine the safety, efficacy, dosing, and potential complications of longer term dexmedetomidine administration in pediatric airway reconstruction.
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Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg · Feb 2011
Comparative StudyAn animal model for endotracheal tube-related laryngeal injury using hypoxic ventilation.
To explore whether hypoxic ventilation could allow a practical animal model of laryngotracheal injury secondary to endotracheal intubation. ⋯ Endotracheal tube-related laryngeal injury was demonstrated after only 4 hours of intubation using this animal model, and hypoxic ventilation increased the severity of injury. This study therefore provides an animal model that may be suitable for future investigation and prevention of intubation injury.
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Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg · Feb 2011
Comparative StudyComprehensive airway management of neonatal head and neck teratomas.
To determine the success of initial airway management and to characterize late airway-related complications in patients with airway obstruction due to congenital head and neck teratomas. ⋯ This study demonstrates that a multidisciplinary team and a standardized approach in the operating suite have led to successful initial airway stabilization. Furthermore, this study demonstrates the need for continued airway management after delivery. Reassessment of the airway after delivery and an airway management planning meeting with the multidisciplinary team may help decrease morbidity and mortality.