Heart and vessels
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Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a risk factor for the development of diabetes and cardiovascular disease, and recently was linked to incident chronic kidney disease (CKD). The purpose of this study is to examine whether MetS is associated with CKD progression in Japanese at a single center. Outcome variables were a decrease in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of 50 % or 25 ml/min/1.73 m(2), end-stage renal disease (ESRD), death, or a composite outcome of all three. ⋯ Comparisons with normoalbuminuria and microalbuminuria showed that macroalbuminuria was equally associated with predicted composite outcome (GFR, ESRD, or death) both in the presence and absence of MetS. Multivariate analyses for all covariates showed that eGFR (hazard ratio (HR) 8.286, 95 % confidence interval (CI) 2.360-28.044, P = 0.0012) and the UACR (HR 2.338, 95 % CI 1.442-3.861, P = 0.0005) at baseline were independently associated with the composite outcomes. The results show that MetS was associated with albuminuria in a cohort of Japanese CKD patients, and both MetS and albuminuria were independently associated with CKD progression.
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Comparative Study
Complications of cardiac catheterization in adults and children with congenital heart disease in the current era.
The number of adults with congenital heart disease (CHD) requiring diagnostic and/or therapeutic cardiac catheterization has been increasing. However, there have been few studies on the complications of performing cardiac catheterization in adults with CHD. The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of complications during congenital cardiac catheterization in both adults and pediatric patients. ⋯ Of the 1558 pediatric procedures performed during the same period, we found a total of 229 complications (14.7 %), of which 89 (5.7 %) were major complications including 5 deaths. The safety of performing cardiac catheterization for adult CHD appears to be similar to that for pediatric patients. The complication rates in adults with CHD are low, but not negligible.