Journal of general internal medicine
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This article has been amended to include open access.
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There were some errors in the variables in this paper.
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The US internal medicine workforce relies on international and osteopathic medical graduates to fill gaps in residency. Little is known about the distribution and impact of IMGs, DOs, and USMDs concentrating in different types of IM programs. ⋯ USMDs and non-USMDs systematically cluster in certain types of residency programs and their training may not be equal, as measured by board pass rates.
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In the USA, people with limited English proficiency (LEP) disproportionately experience gaps in health insurance coverage and access to care. The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA) of 2010 included reforms that could improve these outcomes. ⋯ Disparities in health care access by English proficiency narrowed after 2010, the year of passage of the ACA.