Journal of pain and symptom management
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J Pain Symptom Manage · Feb 1998
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialDextropropoxyphene versus morphine in opioid-naive cancer patients with pain.
The role of opioids for moderate pain (so-called "weak" opioids) in the second step of the World Health Organization's analgesic ladder has been investigated in a prospective randomized study. Sixteen patients were administered dextropropoxyphene (DPP) in a dosage ranging from 120 mg to 240 mg daily (group 1), and 16 patients were administered the lowest doses (20 mg daily) of commercially available controlled-release morphine (group 2). ⋯ Intensity and frequency of nausea and vomiting, drowsiness, and dry mouth were higher in group 2 than in group 1 during the initial treatment. These results stress the role of "weak" opioids during the induction of opioid therapy in opioid-naive cancer patients.
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J Pain Symptom Manage · Feb 1998
Comparative Study Clinical Trial Controlled Clinical TrialThe relationship and influence of anxiety on postoperative pain in the coronary artery bypass graft patient.
The purposes of this study were to investigate the relationship of postoperative anxiety and pain following coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery, and to determine the effects of level of anxiety, demographic, and other factors on the level of postoperative pain. Pain intensity, sensory pain, and affective pain were measured along with anxiety on postoperative day 2 and day 3 by the McGill Pain Questionnaire Subscales (PPI, PRIS, and PRIA) and State Anxiety Inventory Scale, respectively. ⋯ Significant differences by level of anxiety and time were reported. Factors of age, gender, marital status, number of previous surgeries, and operation time had no effect on the level of postoperative pain.
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J Pain Symptom Manage · Feb 1998
Comparative Study Clinical Trial Controlled Clinical TrialPain scores in infants: a modified infant pain scale versus visual analogue.
This study describes an observational system (modified infant pain scale, MIPS) with elements from a previously published observational scale and from assessments of video-recorded infant facial expressions. It was designed to allow rapid and repeated assessments of pain in infants after brief training by an observer without pediatric experience. Forty healthy term infants (17 +/- 7 weeks) undergoing elective surgery had simultaneous independent assessment of pain using two scales: a naive observer used the MIPS and an experienced pediatric nurse used a 10-cm unmarked horizontal visual analogue scale (VAS). ⋯ Infants had a broad range of MIPS scores, and the two scales categorized infants as "comfortable" or "not comfortable" with a high degree of concordance. The MIPS was easily incorporated into an infant's physical examination. We recommend its use for two-point clinical pain assessment.