Journal of pain and symptom management
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J Pain Symptom Manage · Oct 2005
Pain severity in diabetic peripheral neuropathy is associated with patient functioning, symptom levels of anxiety and depression, and sleep.
Our goal was to evaluate pain severity, pain-related interference with function, sleep impairment, symptom levels of anxiety and depression, and quality of life among patients with painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN). Participants in a burden of illness survey (n = 255) completed the modified Brief Pain Inventory-DPN (BPI-DPN), MOS Sleep Scale, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), Short Form Health Survey-12v2 (SF-12v2), and the EuroQoL (EQ-5D). Patients were 61 +/- 12.8 years old (51.4% female), had diabetes for 12 +/- 10.3 years and painful DPN for 6.4 +/- 6.4 years. ⋯ Greater pain levels in DPN (mild to moderate to severe) corresponded with higher symptom levels of anxiety and depression, more sleep problems, and lower utility ratings and physical and mental functioning, (all Ps < 0.01). Painful DPN is associated with decrements in many aspects of patients' lives: physical and emotional functioning, affective symptoms, and sleep problems. The negative impact is higher in patients with greater pain severity.
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J Pain Symptom Manage · Oct 2005
Clinical TrialImpact of palliative care unit admission on symptom control evaluated by the edmonton symptom assessment system.
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the impact of palliative care on patients' symptoms, using the Edmonton Symptom Assessment System (ESAS) to measure symptom intensity at the time of admission and variations registered during the first 7 days' hospitalization. Three hundred fourteen patients were admitted to the unit during its first year of activity. Of these, 162 patients (51.6%) completed, 62 (19.7%) partially completed, and 90 (28.7%) did not complete the ESAS. ⋯ On Day 7 the mean was 28.14 (+/-15.11) (ANOVA for repeated measurements, P < 0.0001). ESAS values for patients with moderate-severe symptom intensity (average values Day 1-Day 7 and P value, ANOVA for repeated measurements) were as follows: pain (7.12-4.23, P < 0.0001), fatigue (7.46-5.68, P < 0.0001), nausea (7.12-1.96, P < 0.0001), depression (7.26-5.28, P < 0.0001), anxiety (7.13-5.14, P < 0.0001), drowsiness (7.42-6.40, P = 0.002), anorexia (7.33-4.33, P < 0.0001), well-being (6.83-3.85, P < 0.0001), and dyspnea (7.08-3.86, P < 0.0001). These data seem to indicate that the patients who benefit most from inpatient palliative care are those with the most complex symptomatology.
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J Pain Symptom Manage · Oct 2005
Multicenter Study Clinical TrialEfficacy and safety of palliative sedation therapy: a multicenter, prospective, observational study conducted on specialized palliative care units in Japan.
Although palliative sedation therapy is often required in terminally ill cancer patients, its efficacy and safety are not sufficiently understood. The primary aims of this multicenter observational study were to 1) explore the efficacy and safety of palliative sedation therapy, and 2) identify the factors contributing to inadequate symptom relief and complications, using a prospective study design, clearly defined measurement methods, and a consecutive sample from 21 specialized palliative care units in Japan. A sample of 102 consecutive adult cancer patients who received continuous deep sedation were enrolled. ⋯ Palliative sedation therapy is effective and safe in the majority of terminally ill cancer patients with refractory symptoms. However, a small number of patients experience fatal complications related to sedation. Comparison studies of different sedation regimens are needed to determine the most effective and safe sedation protocol.
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J Pain Symptom Manage · Oct 2005
Multicenter Study Clinical TrialEthical validity of palliative sedation therapy: a multicenter, prospective, observational study conducted on specialized palliative care units in Japan.
Although palliative sedation therapy is often required in terminally ill cancer patients to achieve acceptable symptom relief, empirical data supporting the ethical validity of this approach are lacking. The primary aim of this study was to systematically investigate whether empirical evidence supports the ethical validity of sedation. This was a multicenter, prospective, observational study, which was conducted by 21 specialized palliative care units in Japan. ⋯ In the remaining 34 patients, previous wishes for sedation were noted in 4 patients, and in the other 30 patients, the families were involved in the decision-making process. The chief reason for patient non-involvement in the decision making was cognitive impairment. These data indicate that palliative sedation therapy performed in specialized palliative care units in Japan generally followed the principles of double effect, proportionality, and autonomy.
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J Pain Symptom Manage · Oct 2005
Randomized Controlled TrialA psycho-educational intervention for family caregivers of patients receiving palliative care: a randomized controlled trial.
This study describes an evaluation of a psycho-educational intervention for family caregivers of patients dying of cancer at home. In a randomized controlled trial, participants (n = 106) received standard home-based palliative care services (n = 52) or these services plus the new intervention (n = 54). Data were collected at three time points: upon commencement of home-based palliative care (Time 1), five weeks later (Time 2), and then eight weeks following patient death (Time 3). ⋯ However, participants who received the intervention reported a significantly more positive caregiver experience than those who received standard care at both Times 2 and 3. The findings indicate that it is possible to increase caregiver rewards despite being immersed in challenging circumstances that often yield considerable negative psychosocial sequelae. Furthermore, it is feasible for health professionals to discuss emotive topics, such as impending death, with caregivers without adverse effects.