Journal of pain and symptom management
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J Pain Symptom Manage · Apr 2022
Review Meta AnalysisPrevalence of sialorrhea among amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative motor neuron disease (MND), and sialorrhea is a known symptom in patients with ALS, which may cause a social embarrassment and discomfort. However, people do not pay attention to sialorrhea up to now. This study is aimed at conducting a systematic review and meta-analysis of the pooled prevalence of sialorrhea in ALS patients all around the world and raising awareness of salivation. ⋯ Sialorrhea is a relatively common symptom in ALS patients with a comparatively high prevalence. In our study, we found that the prevalence of sialorrhea in ALS patients is relatively higher than the results based on direct questioning or postal survey. Therefore, we deduced that sialorrhea should be evaluated by more complex professional assessment scales to improve the quality of life and improve early prognosis of disease.
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J Pain Symptom Manage · Apr 2022
ReviewOpioid prescribing and use among cancer survivors: A mapping review of observational and intervention studies.
Recent years show a sharp increase in research on opioid use among cancer survivors, but evidence syntheses are lacking, leaving knowledge gaps. Corresponding research needs are unclear. ⋯ We found lack of consistency in the measurement of and terms used to describe similar opioid use outcomes, and a lack of interventional research targeting well-documented patterns of potentially nonrecommended, potentially avoidable, or potentially high-risk opioid prescribing or use.
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J Pain Symptom Manage · Apr 2022
Receipt of Hospice Aide Visits Among Medicare Beneficiaries Receiving Home Hospice Care.
Hospice aides provide essential direct care to hospice patients, yet there is minimal research examining hospice aide visits. ⋯ 64% of hospice enrollees received hospice aide visits and average visit frequency (1.3 per week) remained stable throughout enrollment. The only patient characteristic associated with receipt of hospice aide visits was primary hospice diagnosis (respiratory diagnosis vs. dementia: OR 0.372, P = 0.040). Those living in community-based residential housing and those cared for by hospices with aides employed as staff were more likely to receive any hospice aide visits (OR 2.331, P = 0.047 and OR 4.612, P = 0.002, respectively.) CONCLUSION: Hospice aide visits are a common component of hospice care, but visit frequency does not increase as death approaches. Receipt of hospice aide visits was primarily associated with community and hospice agency (rather than patient) characteristics. Future work is needed to ensure that hospice aides are integrated in the hospice interdisciplinary team and that access to hospice aide visits is meaningfully driven by patient and family needs, rather than the practice norms and business models of individual hospice agencies.
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J Pain Symptom Manage · Apr 2022
How many cancer patients need palliative care? A population-based study.
The number of cancer patients potentially amenable to palliative care is conventionally estimated from cancer deaths, as reported in the death certificates. However, a more representative population should also include cancer patients who die from causes other than cancer, as they may develop other life-limiting chronic conditions leading to terminal prognosis. ⋯ Healthcare services addressing the issue of estimating palliative care needs of cancer patients at a population level should consider that relying on the death certificate alone may lead to underestimating these needs of about 22%.
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J Pain Symptom Manage · Apr 2022
Identification of Uncontrolled Symptoms in Cancer Patients Using Natural Language Processing.
For patients with cancer, uncontrolled pain and other symptoms are the leading cause of unplanned hospitalizations. Early access to specialty palliative care (PC) is effective to reduce symptom burden, but more efficient approaches are needed for rapid identification and referral. Information on symptom burden largely exists in free-text notes, limiting its utility as a trigger for best practice alerts or automated referrals. ⋯ This study demonstrated initial feasibility of using NLP to identify hospitalized cancer patients with uncontrolled symptoms. Further model development is needed before these algorithms could be implemented to trigger early access to PC.