Nutrition in clinical practice : official publication of the American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Effects of fish oil on inflammatory modulation in surgical intensive care unit patients.
The benefit of ω-3 fatty acids in fat emulsion remains controversial. This study evaluated the effect of ω-3 fatty acids on immune and inflammatory modulation in surgical intensive care unit (SICU) patients. ⋯ This study suggests that supplementation of parenteral ω-3 fatty acids in PN is safe and may improve immune and hyperinflammatory response for SICU patients after major surgery.
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Selenium (Se) is an essential trace element with antioxidant, immunological, and anti-inflammatory properties, which are attributed to its presence in selenoproteins, as the 21st amino acid selenocysteine. These selenoenzymes are involved in redox signaling, antioxidant defense, thyroid hormone metabolism, and immune responses. Dietary intakes differ considerably between geographical regions, due to variability of the Se food content, leading to differences in dietary reference intakes and toxicity cautions. ⋯ We now have a clearer understanding of the pharmacokinetics of the initial and transient pro-oxidant effect of an intravenous bolus of selenite and the antioxidant effect of continuous infusion. Better biomarkers to ascertain optimum Se requirements for individual patients are now needed, and clinical practice guidelines need improvement. Nevertheless, sufficient evidence is available to consider initiating high-dose intravenous Se therapy routinely in critically ill SIRS patients, immediately on admission to the ICU.