Nutrition in clinical practice : official publication of the American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition
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Parenteral nutrition (PN) is a life-sustaining therapy for hundreds of thousands of people who have severe impairment of gastrointestinal function. Trace elements are a small but very important part of PN that can be overlooked during busy practice. ⋯ Practical information on parenteral trace element use can be gleaned from case reports, some retrospective studies, and very few randomized controlled trials. A general knowledge of trace element metabolism and excretion, deficiency and toxicity symptoms, products, optimal dosages, and strategies for supplementation, restriction, and monitoring will equip practitioners to provide optimal care for their patients who depend on PN.
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Comparative Study
Infectious complications with nondaily versus daily infusion of intravenous fat emulsions in non-critically ill adults.
Increased risk for infection has been associated with the administration of intravenous fat emulsion (IVFE). Typically, IVFE is infused daily as part of the parenteral nutrition (PN) regimen. However, a national IVFE shortage in 2010 compelled institutions to restrict administration to nondaily. This retrospective study evaluated the rate of infections associated with the nondaily as compared to daily IVFE infusion in hospitalized adult patients. ⋯ Nondaily vs daily IVFE infusion did not have a significant effect on the risk of infection or time to development of infection; however, results are limited due to the small sample size. Large prospective randomized clinical trials are needed to further evaluate the effect of daily as compared to nondaily IVFE infusion on infectious complications.