The Laryngoscope
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To evaluate the differences between female and male patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) in the preoperative period. ⋯ The analysis demonstrated that within a surgical population sample, gender differences exist. The findings of this series were as follows: 1) Apnea severity in women was less weight-dependent than in men; (2) in men there was a significant negative correlation between age and apnea severity; and (3) female and male patients reported the same number of signs or symptoms on presentation, although certain signs and symptoms were more commonly reported based on gender. Current clinical evaluation practices must take into account this gender disparity.
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Case Reports
Pediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorders and streptococcal infections: role of otolaryngologist.
To increase awareness and understanding of the putative role of streptococcal infection in the development of neuropsychiatric disorders in children and to discuss therapeutic options in this group of patients. ⋯ PANDAS is an active area of research investigating the relationship between streptococcal infections and the development of obsessive-compulsive disorder or tic disorders (or both) in children. The etiopathogenesis of PANDAS is thought to reflect autoimmune mechanisms and involvement of the basal ganglia of susceptible hosts. Because otolaryngologists evaluate a large portion of pediatric patients with recurrent streptococcal pharyngitis, it is important to be aware of this association and to manage these patients appropriately.
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Helium as a component of inspired gas decreases turbulent flow and airway resistance. Helium-oxygen mixtures have been used since the 1930s in the management of patients with upper airway obstruction. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of helium-oxygen mixtures in relieving upper airway obstruction in a pediatric population. ⋯ Helium-oxygen therapy is a useful adjunct therapy for upper airway obstruction. Controlled clinical trials are necessary to better define the appropriate settings for use of helium-oxygen.
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To study the efficacy and safety of topical tetracaine anesthesia for office myringotomy and myringotomy with a tube. ⋯ Topical tetracaine is efficacious and safe for use in office myringotomy.