Journal of pediatric nursing
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This methodological study was conducted to determine the Turkish validity-reliability and selectivity-sensitivity of the Premature Infant Pain Profile-Revised Form (PIPP-R). 200 newborn infants with gestational age of 26-42 weeks followed up in the neonatal unit of a university hospital. Necessary permissions were obtained from the responsible author, the institution, and the ethics committee before starting the study. Language validity, content validity, and construct validity studies were conducted for the validity of PIPP-R. ⋯ The intra-class correlation coefficient was used in determining the observer reliability and the agreement between three observers was found to be very good (0.944-1.000). In the analyses conducted for the sensitivity and selectivity of the scale, it was determined that the sensitivity of the scale was 91% and its selectivity was 88%. In accordance with the obtained results, PIPP-R was determined to be a valid, reliable, selective, and sensitive measurement tool to be used for the pain assessment of the Turkish population.
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Pain assessment is the first step in managing pain; however, this can be challenging, particularly in settings such as the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU). This paper reports the current pain assessment practices from a study that was conducted describing the prevalence of pain, pain assessment, painful procedures, interventions, and characteristics of critically-ill children. Specifically, this paper addresses the child's communicative ability, pain scales, and characteristics of pain. ⋯ Foremost, the appropriate assessment method needs to be chosen for each child to manage pain. Knowledge of the criteria for the use of each pain assessment scale will help the clinician select the appropriate scale to use for each child. The practice of "assume pain present," as well as standardization of pain scales, and clinical support tools needs further investigation.
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Children and adolescents are faced with ubiquitous daily stressors. When faced with various stressors, they will either recover or stay distressed. For those unable to recover, acute daily stressors have potential to turn chronic with long term negative mental health outcomes. Nurturing resilience is one way to prevent distress from turning to mental health disorders. With the ability of adolescents and children to access nurses with various specialties, it is imperative nurses understand the nuances of resilience and the core elements to nurture resilience in youth. ⋯ Concept building defines nurturing resilience as developing secure connections with another to support self-acceptance that aids in tempering reactivity when faced with environmental hardships. Resilience is a protective mechanism which keeps youth balanced while promoting positive mental health when faced with adversities by allowing one to bounce back after adversity to an original, fundamental state. Understanding patterns and processes of resilience enables nurses to nurture resilience. Nurturing resilience provides adolescents and children the ability to change in response to difficult circumstances; in turn, mental distress is reduced, and mental health of youth are optimized.